Combined postnatal estradiol and progesterone treatment improves hypoxic ventilatory response in rat pups
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Fetuses are exposed to very-high levels of estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P), which may play important developmental roles. Since preterm neonates are chronically deprived from placental E2 and P and exhibit specific disorders of peripheral chemoreceptor functions, our hypothesis is that E2+P improves respiratory chemoreflexes in newborn rats. At birth lactating female rats were implanted with osmotic pumps delivering E2+P (7 and 70 μg/day) at a regular flow rate. Minute ventilation was assessed in 10-day-old rats by whole body plethysmography in normoxia and hypoxia (10%O2 – 30 minutes) and carotid body (CB) volume assessed by tyrosine hydroxylase staining on serial slices. E2+P male pups had a reduced body weight (−20%) and rectal temperature (−1°C) compared to Veh. In hypoxia, minute ventilation increased by 19% in Veh pups (n=11) and by 58% in E2+P pups (n=12). TH positive tissue occupied 33% of the CB in Veh vs. 38% in E2+P pups, and the volume (reported to body weight) of the carotid body was 5,29 in E2+P (n=3) vs. 3,40x105 μm3/g in Veh pups (n=4). These results suggest that E2+P accelerate the normal development of peripheral chemoreceptors in newborn mammals. Founded by the hospital for sick children foundation, FRSQ and CIHR.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".