Bibliographic record
Abstract
Early French Immersion (EFI) programs were introduced in Canada in 1965 for students from Anglophone families where neither one of their parents spoke or understood much French. Unlike other bilingual programs, the immersion approach introduces French for the instruction of academic subjects and promotes the use of French as the language medium for classroom interactions. The EFI option is usually offered from the onset of elementary school, in Kindergarten or Grade One, and provides equal instruction time in English and French after primarily exposing students to the target language of instruction. Middle French Immersion (MFI) and Late French Immersion (LFI) are geared for older children who did not begin EFI programs, and respectively begin in Middle School (Grades 4 or 5) and at the Intermediate Level (Grades 7 and 8). By the 1980s, optional French immersion programs were available across Canada to families wishing to provide their children access to bilingual instruction passing through English first and French as the second official language.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.019 | 0.144 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.007 | 0.009 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.007 | 0.008 |
| Open science | 0.007 | 0.005 |
| Research integrity | 0.062 | 0.058 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.026 | 0.009 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".