Overcoming the efficiency limitation of low microwave power harvesting with backward tunnel diodes
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper explores, for the first time, the use of high responsivity heterostructure backward tunnel diodes to enhance the conversion efficiency of ambient microwave power harvesters. Progress in advancing the performance of low power rectifiers has been slowed because the maximum possible efficiency using Schottky diodes has been reached. Measurements of RF-to-DC conversion efficiency at -40dBm/2.4GHz are reported in this paper, showing that the backward diode outperforms the HSMS-285B Schottky diode by a factor of 10.5 and the Skyworks SMS 7630 by a factor of 5.5. A narrowband rectifier circuit was designed, fabricated and tested, showing a total efficiency of 3.8% for a 100nW input RF power and 18.2% at 1μW input RF power, at 2.35GHz.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".