Active nuclear magnetic resonance probe: A new multidiciplinary approach toward highly sensitive biomolecoular spectroscopy
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We present a fully integrated CMOS stacked detection inductor and front-end receiver for NMR applications. Instead of a planar CMOS NMR detection coil, we propose a multi-turn differential stacked inductor with hollowed core. Such a structure makes available the possibility of introducing minute analyte samples directly within the sensing coil with ensuing boost in NMR measurement sensitivity. Physical simulations of the hollowed inductor stack are used to verify the superiority of a differential coil topology. The front-end receiver contains LC pre-amplification, low-noise amplifier (LNA) and voltage buffer. Both the differential stacked detection inductor and front-end receiver are designed for 300 MHz NMR settings. The front-end receiver achieves an input referred noise of 780 pV/√Hz and voltage gain of 43 dB. The core of the LNA draws a DC current of 3.4-mA from a 1.6 V supply voltage. The chip is designed in a 0.13-μm CMOS technology and occupies an area of 1 mm × 2 mm.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".