Nitrous Oxide and Carbon Dioxide Emissions During the Nongrowing Season from Manured Soils under Rainfed and Irrigated Conditions
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study investigated CO2 and N2O emissions from soil receiving long-term cattle feedlot manure applications under rainfed and irrigated conditions in semi-arid southern Alberta, Canada. Soil available N and CO2 and N2O fluxes were measured after fall crop harvesting and prior to next spring's seeding from plots that had received 0 and 60 t ha−1yr−1 cattle feedlot manure application with (Mi0 and Mi60) or without irrigation (Mr0 and Mr60) for 27 years. Both CO2 and N2O fluxes varied considerably over the 7-month nongrowing season. Cumulative CO2 emissions from manured treatments (Mr60 at 2.20 t ha−1 and Mi60 at 2.36 t ha−1) were 2.6 times values from nonmanured treatments (Mr0 at 0.83 t ha−1 and Mi0 at 0.92 t ha−1). Similarly, cumulative N2O emission from manured treatments (Mr60 at 4.54 kg ha−1 and Mi60 at 5.34 kg ha−1) were 8–12 times values from nonmanured treatments (Mr0 at 0.40 kg ha−1 and Mi0 at 0.70 kg ha−1). Growing season irrigation had no effect on CO2 and N2O emission over the nongrowing season.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".