Association of neuropeptide Y Y1 receptors with glutamate‐positive and NPY‐positive neurons in rat hippocampal cultures
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The hippocampus is particularly enriched with neuropeptide tyrosine (NPY) and NPY receptors including the Y1, Y2 and Y5 subtypes. We have previously reported on the enrichment of cultured rat hippocampal neurons in specific [125I][Leu31, Pro34]PYY/BIBP3226-sensitive (Y1) binding sites and Y1 receptor mRNAs [St-Pierre et al. (1998) Br. J. Pharmacol., 123, p183]. We have now identified which cell types express the Y1 receptor. The majority of Y1 receptors, visualized using either the radiolabeled probe [125I][Leu31,Pro34]PYY or two antibodies directed against distinct domains of the Y1 receptor, was expressed in neurons as revealed by neuron-specific enolase (NSE) immunostaining. One antibody was directed against the second extracelllular loop of the Y1 receptor (amino acids 185-203) whereas the second was directed against the intracellular C-terminal loop (amino acids 355-382). The labelling was evident over both perikarya and processes. Neurons labelled by the various Y1 receptor probes were mostly glutamate-positive as revealed by double immunostaining. Most interestingly, a number of NPY-positive cultured hippocampal neurons were also enriched with the Y1 receptor, suggesting that this subtype may act as an autoreceptor to regulate NPY release in the hippocampus. These results thus provide an anatomical basis for the modulation of glutamate and NPY release by the Y1 receptor in the hippocampus.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".