Unraveling the mechanism on how <i>Entamoeba histolytica</i> evokes MUC2 exocytosis (152.3)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
MUC2 is the major secreted gel‐forming mucin produced by goblet cells that form the protective mucus blanket covering the colonic epithelium. This mucus barrier confers the first line of innate host defence against invasion by the protozoan parasite Entamoeba histolytica (Eh). During Eh infection, a subset of individuals develop infectious colitis when the parasite degrades and/or deplete mucin stores. In this study we quantified the exocytosis SNARE complex that regulated mucin secretion in vitro in response to Eh using human colonic LS174T goblet cells. Unlike MUC2, SNARE components were not transcriptionally regulated or specifically degraded in response to live Eh. Rather, mucin exocytosis occurred through a protein kinase C and calcium dependent manner. Furthermore, we have characterized the Eh surface virulent factor, cysteine protease 5, as the predominant component that mediated mucin secretion. Interestingly, only viable Eh but not heat‐killed and/or glutaraldehyde fixed Eh evoked mucin exocytosis upon contact with colonic cells. These studies were confirmed using live cell confocal microscopy imaging with fluorescent SNAREs and Eh. Predictably, shRNA silencing of a putative SNARE, SNAP23, markedly decreased mucin exocytosis and rendered the colonic monolayer susceptible to Eh degradation. This work sheds light into the pathogenesis of Eh and the regulatory mechanisms of the host which act to subvert infection. Grant Funding Source : Supported by CIHR and NSERC CREATE HPI
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".