A Localization Method Using 3-axis Magnetoresistive Sensors for Tracking of Capsule Endoscope
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this paper, we propose a non-invasive tracking method, which has the potential to be used for localization of the capsule endoscope. The tracking system consists of a magnetic marker, a sensor array, amplifiers, data acquisition devices and a signal processing unit. The marker is modeled as a magnetic dipole to simplify the theoretical expression of the magnetic field distribution. By minimizing the squared error of the field values between the calculation and measurements using Levenberg-Marquardt optimization method, the 5 localization parameters of the dipole can be determined. Real time experiments were carried out to test the feasibility of the method. It is demonstrated that, the accuracy of the localization is related to the number of sensors. For the sensor array including 16 3-axis magnetoresistive sensors, the average position error is 3.3 mm and the average orientation error is about 3 degrees, when the magnetic marker is 100 mm above the sensor array plane.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".