Dynamic geography of small pelagic fish populations in the California Current System on the regime time scale (19311997)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Climate regime shifts in the Northeast Pacific appear to have forced population size changes associated with major geographical variations in the position of the center of distribution and bulk of biomass of Pacific sardine (Sardinops caeruleus). These findings help explain the disappearance of sardines around 60 years ago at the northern part of the California Current System and their return following the 1980s. The spatial processes described here differ from those suggesting that environmental regime shifts lead to progressive increasedecrease of stock abundance associated with homogeneous expansioncontraction of its distribution range around a fixed geographical center. Sardine population changes are seemingly related to environmental variability, whereas the spatial pattern of abundance for the northern anchovy (Engraulis mordax) appears to be inversely related to sardine population abundance. Anchovies increased where and when sardines were either absent or at a low population level. Thus, from the long-term and large-scale perspective, neither sardine nor anchovy populations conform to the simple homogeneous geographical range changes usually assumed. The sardine population changes its location within the ocean habitat in an evolving progression over a multidecadal time scale.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".