A valuation of ecological services in the Laurentian Great Lakes Basin with an emphasis on Canada
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
An estimated 35 million people rely on the Great Lakes for safe drinking water, and millions depend on healthy fish and wildlife safe for consumption. The authors note that the natural capital of the Great Lakes is worth tens of billions of dollars each year and that investing in the protection of this resource is ethically and financially imperative. The economic value of the Great Lakes and its value to the health of the people and the economy in Ontario, Canada, are described in this article. The authors provide a credible assessment of the contributions made by the Great Lakes to the local, provincial, regional, and national economies of Canada and to the Great Lakes region of the United States. The major uses of the Great Lakes for which economic value can be calculated either directly or indirectly are characterized, and the different benefits ascribable to different aspects of the Great Lakes economy that rely on water quality and water quantity are described.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it