Male Paget's Disease of the Breast
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Paget's disease is an extremely rare condition of the male breast that presents as an eczematous change of the nipple and areola. It is almost always associated with an underlying intraductal carcinoma. OBJECTIVE: A case of Paget's disease of the male breast with extension into adnexal structures is reported. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A MEDLINE search for cases of Paget's disease of the male breast was performed and the cases were reviewed. The following antibodies were used in immunohistochemical staining: Rabbit Anti-Human c-erbB-2 Oncoprotein, monoclonal Mouse Anti-Human Estrogen Receptor (IgG1, kappa), and monoclonal Mouse Anti-Human Progesterone Receptor (Clone PgR 636). RESULTS: This is only the 43rd histologically proven case of Paget's disease of the male breast in the world literature and, to our knowledge, the first to document extension of Paget's cells into adnexal structures, including eccrine glands. CONCLUSION: Mammary Paget's disease is a rare phenomenon among men.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".