Adenyl Cyclase and Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterase Activities in Murine Muscular Dystrophy
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Adenyl cyclase and cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase activities were assayed in homogenates of hind leg skeletal muscle from dystrophic and normal mice. Adenyl cyclase activity was stimulated 2.5 times by epinephrine and 6 times by fluoride over the basal activity in both dystrophic and normal mice. The activity of adenyl cyclase from dystrophic muscle of mice was significantly higher than that of normal mice under all the conditions tested (i.e. basal, epinephrine and fluoride). Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase from skeletal muscle of mice has two Km's (2.1 and 11 mumol/l) which suggests the existence of either two forms of enzyme or a single enzyme with negative cooperativity. The activity of this enzyme was significantly elevated in the skeletal muscle of dystrophic mice compared to the normal controls. The available evidence suggests that the same cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase is responsible for the hydrolysis of both cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".