The sea breeze/land breeze circulation in Los Angeles and its influence on nitryl chloride production in this region
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The sea breeze/land breeze diurnal circulation within the Los Angeles Basin and adjacent waters transports marine air into the basin during the day and urban air to Santa Monica Bay during the night. Nitryl chloride, ClNO 2 is a nocturnal trace gas formed from the heterogeneous reaction of dinitrogen pentaoxide (N 2 O 5 ) with chloride containing aerosol. Its photolysis after sunrise produces atomic chlorine radicals and regenerates NO 2 , both of which may increase ozone production. Mixing of the chloride source from marine sea salt with the urban NO x source in Los Angeles provides conditions ideal for the production of ClNO 2 . This paper presents an analysis using a wind profiler on the coast and measurements of ClNO 2 and its precursors made from both ship and aircraft to assess the prevailing meteorological conditions important for ClNO 2 production in this region, with a particular focus on the production over water within the land breeze phase of the circulation. A box model is used to calculate an upper limit to the amount of ClNO 2 capable of being produced strictly over Santa Monica Bay during the land breeze. On three out of the four nights of ClNO 2 measurements in Santa Monica Bay, the ClNO 2 exceeds the upper limit calculated using the box model and shows that the majority of the ClNO 2 is produced over the city and transported to Santa Monica Bay by the land breeze. This ClNO 2 transport suggests the sea breeze more efficiently transports aerosol chloride inland than land breeze transports NO x offshore.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".