Bibliographic record
Abstract
Building on my 2011 article on Rights Beyond Borders (36 Yale J. Int'l L. 55), this symposium contribution explores ways in which domestic courts have framed certain constitutional provisions as fundamentally tied to territory (country), membership (compact), or the nature of government itself (conscience). It does this by focusing on the stories of five individuals who have sought redress in five countries’ courts for alleged domestic rights violations: Khalfan Khamis Mohamed (South Africa), Mamdouh Habib (Australia), Baha Mousa (United Kingdom), Omar Khadr (Canada), and Amin Al-Bakri (United States). In addition to defining the legal significance of external borders, cases involving extraterritorial government action help define and constitute internal borders between the political and judicial branches, as illustrated by these cases.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.014 | 0.013 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.012 | 0.063 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.016 | 0.018 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.010 |
| Research integrity | 0.009 | 0.010 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.008 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".