Distribution of <i>vip</i> Genes, Protein Profiling and Determination of Entomopathogenic Potential of Local Isolates of <i>Bacillus thuringiensis</i>
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The aim of this study was to screen the Bacillus thuringiensis ( Bt ) strains isolated from local ecological niche for the presence of vegetative insecticidal protein ( vip ) genes and its characterization. PCR screening was carried out to determine different vip genes viz., vip1 / vip2 and vip3 genes, harboured by native Bt isolates using four gene specific primers. The PCR results depicted the presence of all three vip -type genes in these isolates. Strains containing vip3 -type genes were the most abundant (12.5%) in local isolates, followed by vip1 / vip2 -type genes (10%). Insect bioassays for these proteins were conducted against Helicoverpa armigera ( H. armigera ). Four Bt isolates PDKV-08 (161.80), PDKV-21 (173.62), NCIM-5110 (170.57) and NCIM-5132 (178.61) depict lower LC 50 values against H. armigera than the standard HD-1 (190.42). The present foundation work can be used for the production of more effective Bt based biopesticide and the identified genes can be explored for the production of next generation insect resistant transgenic plants.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".