Familiar talker advantages in formant-based and concatenative synthetic speech
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Access to synthetic speech technology has never been easier than it is today. Home computers come bundled with text-to-speech software, as do some eReaders and smart phones. The technology has come a long way since Stephen Hawking's recognizable DECTaIk voice in the late 1980s. Four sets of stimuli were created for this research. The threshold stimuli consisted of 70 pre-recorded spondees ? bisyllabic words with equal stress on both syllables - produced by a native speaker of American English. Training, Testing, and Post-Test stimuli consisted of pie- recorded sets of Harvard Sentences produced by synthetic speech. The training phase consisted of 60 sentences produced by a synthetic speaker. Groups 1 and 2 trained with the concatenative voice Eric, and groups 3 and 4 trained with formant voice Wheatley. The participants listened to the sentence a single time and were asked to transcribe what they heard.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".