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THE DETECTION OF A SN IIn IN OPTICAL FOLLOW-UP OBSERVATIONS OF ICECUBE NEUTRINO EVENTS
M. G. Aartsen, K. Abraham, M. Ackermann, J. Adams, J. A. Aguilar, M. Ahlers, M. Ahrens, D. Altmann, T. Anderson, M. Archinger, C. Argüelles, T. C. Arlen, J. Auffenberg, X. Bai, S. W. Barwick, V. Baum, R. Bay, J. J. Beatty, J. Becker Tjus, K. H. Becker, E. Beiser, S. BenZvi, P. Berghaus, D. Berley, E. Bernardini, A. Bernhard, D. Besson, G. Binder, D. Bindig, M. Bissok, E. Blaufuss, J. Blumenthal, D. J. Boersma, C. Böhm, M. Börner, F. Bos, D. Bose, S. Böser, O. Botner, J. Braun, L. Brayeur, H.-P. Bretz, A. M. Brown, N. Buzinsky, J. Casey, M. Casier, E. Cheung, D. Chirkin, A. Christov, B. Christy, K. Clark, Lew Classen, S. Coenders, D. F. Cowen, A. H. Cruz Silva, J. Daughhetee, J. C. Davis, M. Day, J. P. A. M. de André, C. De Clercq, H.-P. Dembinski, S. De Ridder, P. Desiati, K. D. de Vries, G. de Wasseige, M. de With, T. DeYoung, J. C. Díaz–Vélez, J. P. Dumm, M. Dunkman, R. Eagan, B. Eberhardt, Thomas Ehrhardt, B. Eichmann, S. Euler, P. A. Evenson, O. Fadiran, S. Fahey, A. R. Fazely, Anatoli Fedynitch, J. Feintzeig, J. Felde, K. Filimonov, C. Finley, T. Fischer-Wasels, S. Flis, T. Fuchs, M. Glagla, T. K. Gaisser, R. Gaïor, J. S. Gallagher, L. Gerhardt, K. Ghorbani, D. Gier, L. Gladstone, T. Glüsenkamp, A. Goldschmidt, G. Golup, J. G. González, D. Góra, D. Grant, P. Gretskov, J. C. Groh, A. Groß, C. Ha, Christian Haack, A. Haj Ismail, A. Hallgren, F. Halzen, B. Hansmann, K. Hanson, D. Hebecker, D. Heereman, K. Helbing, R. Hellauer, D. Hellwig, S. Hickford, J. Hignight, G. C. Hill, K. D. Hoffman, R. Hoffmann, K. Holzapfe, A. Homeier, K. Hoshina, F. Huang, M. E. Huber, W. Huelsnitz, P. O. Hulth, K. Hultqvist, S. In, A. Ishihara, E. Jacobi, G. S. Japaridze, K. Jero, M. Jurković, B. Kaminsky, A. Kappes, T. Karg, A. Karle, M. Kauer, A. Keivani, J. L. Kelley, J. Kemp, Ali Kheirandish, J. Kiryluk, J. Kläs, G. Kohnen, Ramesh Koirala, H. Kolanoski, R. Konietz, A. Koob, L. Köpke, Claudio Kopper, S. Kopper, D. J. Koskinen, M. Kowalski, K. Krings, G. Kroll, M. Kroll, J. Kunnen, N. Kurahashi, T. Kuwabara, M. Labare, J. L. Lanfranchi, M. J. Larson, M. Lesiak-Bzdak, M. Leuermann, J. Leuner, J. Lünemann, J. Madsen, G. Maggi, K. B. M. Mahn, R. Maruyama, K. Mase, H. S. Matis, R. Maunu, F. McNally, K. Meagher, M. Medici, A. Meli, T. Menne, G. Merino, T. Meures, S. Miarecki, E. Middell, E. Middlemas, J. Miller, L. Mohrmann, T. Montaruli, R. Morse, R. Nahnhauer, Uwe Naumann, Hans Niederhausen, Sarah Nowicki, D. R. Nygren, A. Obertacke, A. Olivas, A. Omairat, A. O’Murchadha, T. Palczewski, Hershal Pandya, L. Paul, Joshua Pepper, C. Pérez de los Heros, C. Pfendner, D. Pieloth, E. Pinat, J. Posselt, P. B. Price, G. T. Przybylski, J. Pütz, M. Quinnan, L. Rädel, M. Rameez, K. Rawlins, P. Redl, R. Reimann, M. Relich, E. Resconi, W. Rhode, M. Richman, S. Richter, Benedikt Riedel, S. Robertson, Martin Rongen, C. Rott, T. Ruhe, D. Ryckbosch, S. M. Saba, L. Sabbatini, H.‐G. Sander, Alexander Sandrock, J. Sandroos, S. Sarkar, K. Schatto, F. Scheriau, M. Schimp, T. Schmidt, M. Schmitz, S. Schoenen, S. Schöneberg, A. Schönwald, A. Schukraft, L. Schulte, D. Seckel, S. Seunarine, R. Shanidze, M. W. E. Smith, Dennis Soldin, G. M. Spiczak, C. Spiering, M. Stahlberg, M. Stamatikos, Todor Stanev, N. A. Stanisha, A. Stasik, T. Stezelberger, R. G. Stokstad, A. Stössl, E. A. Strahler, L. R. Strom, N. L. Strotjohann, G. W. Sullivan, M. Sutherland, H. Taavola, I. Taboada, S. Ter–Antonyan, A. Terliuk, G. Tešić, S. Tilav, P. A. Toale, M. N. Tobin, D. Tosi, M. Tselengidou, A. Turcati, E. Unger, M. Usner, S. Vallecorsa, N. van Eijndhoven, J. Vandenbroucke, J. V. Santen, S. Vanheule, J. Veenkamp, M. Vehring, M. Vöge, M. Vraeghe, C. Walck, M. Wallraff, N. Wandkowsky, Ch. Weaver, C. Wendt, S. Westerhoff, B. J. Whelan, N. Whitehorn, C. Wichary, K. Wiebe, C. H. Wiebusch, L. Wille, D. R. Williams, H. Wissing, M. Wolf, T. R. Wood, K. Woschnagg, D. L. Xu, Xiaolin Xu, Yi Xu, G. Yodh, S. Yoshida, P. Zarzhitsky, M. Zoll, E. O. Ofek, M. M. Kasliwal, P. Nugent, I. Arcavi, J. S. Bloom, S. R. Kulkarni, D. A. Perley, Tom A. Barlow, A. Horesh, A. Gal‐Yam, D. A. Howell, B. Dilday, P. A. Evans, J. A. Kennea, W. S. Burgett, K. C. Chambers, N. Kaiser, C. Waters, H. Flewelling, J. Tonry, A. Rest, S. J. Smartt
Bibliographic record
VenueThe Astrophysical Journal · 2015
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldPhysics and Astronomy
TopicAstrophysics and Cosmic Phenomena
Canadian institutionsUniversity of TorontoUniversity of Alberta
FundersLawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBrookhaven National LaboratoryPlanetary Science DivisionPlanning and Budgeting Committee of the Council for Higher Education of IsraelScience Mission DirectorateSmithsonian Astrophysical ObservatoryOffice of ScienceOffice of Polar ProgramsMax-Planck-Institut für AstronomieMarsden FundHelmholtz Alliance for Astroparticle PhysicsEötvös Loránd TudományegyetemCollege of Engineering, Michigan State UniversityKnut och Alice Wallenbergs StiftelseIsrael Science FoundationNatural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of CanadaBundesministerium für Bildung und ForschungNational Central UniversityOhio State UniversityNational Research Foundation of KoreaFonds De La Recherche Scientifique - FNRSDeutsche ForschungsgemeinschaftQueen's University BelfastNational Research FoundationVlaamse regeringWeizmann Institute of ScienceUniversity of OxfordUniversity of LeicesterDurham UniversityScience and Technology Facilities CouncilSchweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen ForschungYork UniversitySpace Telescope Science InstituteWestern Canada Research GridJapan Society for the Promotion of ScienceQueen's UniversityHarvard UniversityPolarforskningssekretariatetCarnegie Mellon UniversityUniversity of WashingtonPrinceton UniversityAlfred P. Sloan FoundationJohns Hopkins UniversityVetenskapsrådetIsraeli Centers for Research ExcellenceYale UniversityUniversity of Wisconsin-MadisonU.S. Department of EnergySmithsonian InstitutionCalifornia Institute of TechnologyDanmarks GrundforskningsfondNational Aeronautics and Space AdministrationW. M. Keck FoundationUniversity of PortsmouthNew Mexico State UniversityFonds Wetenschappelijk OnderzoekVanderbilt UniversityCompute CanadaBelgian Federal Science Policy OfficeNational Science Foundation
KeywordsPhysicsNeutrinoSupernovaAstrophysicsRedshiftLuminosityEjectaGalaxyObservatoryGamma-ray burstNeutrino astronomyNeutrino detectorAstronomyNeutrino oscillationParticle physics
Abstract
OpenAlex records an abstract for this work, but it could not be fetched just now.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Theoretical or conceptual · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.488
Threshold uncertainty score0.323
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
Opus teacher head0.024
GPT teacher head0.241
Teacher spread0.217 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation status
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designTheoretical or conceptual
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".
Quick stats
Citations49
Published2015
Admission routes2
Has abstractyes