Phased Array for Microwave Hyperthermia: A Preliminary Study in a Computational Muscle Phantom
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Microwave hyperthermia, in conjunction with radio- or chemotherapy, has shown be beneficial in cancer treatment. An elevated temperature within a tumor, typically between 40-44/spl deg/C, exhibits a beneficial effect in terms of local control and survival of cancerous cells. Due to naturally occurring higher vascularization around tumors, local heating of the tumor aids in the tumor-suppressing drug uptake. Further, due to high water content tumors represent good targets for high microwave absorption. The frequency of operation should be low enough to allow for a sufficient penetration depth without compromising spatial resolution. The main challenge of hyperthermia systems is to focus the radiated energy on the embedded tumor without harmful effects to the surrounding healthy tissues. In this work, 915-MHz and 2450-MHz half-wavelength (/spl lambda//2) circular dipole arrays are numerically compared with regards to the point-wise specific absorption rate (SAR) calculated within a cylindrical muscle phantom irradiated by the antenna array. Results suggest how strategically chosen phase differences between elements of the antenna array allow for shifting of the heating focus.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".