The effect of bovine tuberculosis and brucellosis on reproduction and survival of wood bison in Wood Buffalo National Park
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Summary Wood bison ( Bison bison athabascae L.) abundance in Wood Buffalo National Park, Canada, declined from an excess of 10 000 bison in the late 1960s to a low of 2200 bison in the late 1990s. Bovine tuberculosis ( Mycobacterium bovis ) and brucellosis ( Brucella abortus ), were introduced to Wood Buffalo National Park in the late 1920s. As each of these pathogens has the potential to reduce survival and reproduction in bison, they are suspected to have played a role in the decline in bison abundance. We live‐captured bison in the winters of 1997–2000, tested for tuberculosis, brucellosis and pregnancy and released animals with radio transmitters to evaluate survival. We found that bison that were positive for both diseases were less likely to be pregnant or to survive the winter than bison positive for one or neither disease. Further, in one population, bison that were tuberculosis‐positive had a substantially lower pregnancy probability. Demonstrating a negative effect of diseases on survival and reproduction is a necessary, but not sufficient, test of the role of diseases in bison population decline.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".