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Record W1554644130 · doi:10.5772/31368

Production of Biodiesel from Microalgae

2012· book-chapter· en· W1554644130 on OpenAlex

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

affAt least one author lists a Canadian institution in the pinned OpenAlex snapshot.
aboutThe title or abstract carries a Canadian signal from the geographic lexicon.

Bibliographic record

VenueInTech eBooks · 2012
Typebook-chapter
Languageen
FieldEngineering
TopicBiodiesel Production and Applications
Canadian institutionsUniversité de Sherbrooke
Fundersnot available
KeywordsBarrel (horology)BiodieselPetroleumBiofuelDiesel fuelEnvironmental scienceWaste managementAgricultural economicsEngineeringGovernment (linguistics)Natural resource economicsBusinessEconomicsChemistry

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Since the early 70s, several major energy crises have forced the scientific community to find alternative sources of power. In July 2008, the price of crude petroleum reached 145$US/barrel, the highest price ever achieved in 30 years (BP, 2011; Ervin & Associated, 2011). In July 2011, the price of crude petroleum was still relatively high at 108$US/barrel (Ervin & Associated, 2011). Moreover, the 2008 world economic crisis encouraged the United States government to develop biofuels in order to blend them with petroleum fuels without engine modifications or distribution process changes (Bindraban et al., 2009; The White House, 2010). Furthermore, in Canada, by 2012, the objective of adding biodiesel into transportation diesel and heating fuels is 2% (v/v) (Natural Ressources Canada, 2011b).

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesMeta-epidemiology (narrow)
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Bench or experimental · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Other · Consensus signal: Other
Teacher disagreement score0.537
Threshold uncertainty score1.000

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.024
GPT teacher head0.215
Teacher spread0.190 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it