Bibliographic record
Abstract
Cette étude méticuleuse, de la main d'une angliciste, trouve son origine dans sa thèse sur « une forme de sociabilité "véritablement à l'anglaise" », selon ses propres mots.Peter Clark, historien britannique des espaces urbains, a esquissé le terrain plus large, et de plus longue durée, dans un livre intitulé British Clubs and Societies, 1500-1800 : the Origins of an Associational World, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2000.Valérie Capdeville, par contre, se focalise sur la ville de Londres et les décennies du XVIII e siècle qui voient la genèse et l'essor des clubs de gentilshommes.Son terminus en 1784, aux débuts de l'agitation radicale en Angleterre, est un peu discutable, car Brooks's, White's et Boodle's continuent d'attirer le beau monde dans l'ère victorienne et ils existent toujours dans le West End de la capitale, autour de Pall Mall et de St James's.Or ces grands clubs commencent à ouvrir leurs portes pendant les années 1730 et connaissent une forte croissance pendant les cinquante ans qui suivent, surtout au cours des années 1760.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.006 | 0.006 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.005 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.010 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".