Narrow Band Imaging in Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease and Barrett’s Esophagus
Bibliographic record
Abstract
N arrow Band Imaging (NBI), developed by Olympus Medical Systems (Olympus, Japan), is a new and wellrecognized advance in endoscopic imaging.Although conventional white-light endoscopy uses the entire spectrum of visible light (400 nm to 700 nm) to examine tissue, the NBI system uses optic filters to isolate two specific bands of light: 415 nm blue and 540 nm green (1-4).By isolating these two bands of light and taking into account their absorptive and reflective properties on the mucosal surface, an image that enhances visualization of superficial mucosal and vascular structures is created.The highlight of NBI endoscopy is the proposed ability to predict pathology in real-time based on the mucosal and vascular changes detected.NBI has been investigated for use as a diagnostic modality in a variety of lesions in the gastrointestinal, respiratory and genitourinary tract (4-6).Conveniently, the NBI mode on an endoscope can be activated with the depression of a switch similar to taking a picture.NBI, often referred to as 'digital chromoendoscopy', was developed as an alternative method of obtaining visual enhancement of tissue similar to that seen in chromoendoscopy -a procedure that uses the absorptive properties of various dyes, such as indigo carmine, rather than optical filters (1-4).Although much research concerning the use of chromoendoscopy has been conducted, its widespread use has not been adopted for various reasons including the increased time involved with the procedure and the lack of training (ie, many training centres do not use it regularly).In the January 2009 issue of The Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology, we discussed the role of NBI for the detection of neoplastic lesions of the lower gastrointestinal tract; specifically its utility in the diagnosis of adenomatous polyps and dysplasia in ulcerative colitis, hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer and screening colonoscopy.The purpose of the present paper is to review the use of NBI endoscopy as a diagnostic modality for lesions of the upper gastrointestinal tract with particular emphasis on Barrett's esophagus (BE).
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.005 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.003 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".