Calcium‐sensing receptors induce apoptosis during simulated ischaemia–reperfusion in Buffalo rat liver cells
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
1. Calcium-sensing receptors (CaSR) exist in a variety of tissues. In 2010, we first identified its functional expression in Buffalo rat liver (BRL) cells and demonstrated that the activation of CaSR was involved in an increased intracellular calcium through the Gq subunit-phospholipase C-inositol triphosphate pathway. However, its role and related mechanism in hepatic ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is still unclear. 2. Therefore, in the present study, BRL cells were incubated in ischaemia-mimetic solution for 4 h, then reincubated in the normal culture medium for 10 h to establish a simulated I/R model. We assayed the apoptotic ratio of BRL cells by flow cytometry and Hoechst 33342 staining; analyzed the expression of CaSR, cytochrome c (Cyt-c), caspase-3, Bcl-2, Bax, extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK), and p38 by Western blotting; and measured the concentration of intracellular calcium by laser-scanning confocal microscopy. 3. The results showed that simulated I/R increased the expression of CaSR and induced apoptosis in BRL cells. GdCl(3), a specific activator of CaSR, further increased CaSR expression, intracellular calcium, and apoptosis in BRL cells during I/R. The activation of CaSR downregulated Bcl-2 expression, upregulated Cyt-c, caspase-3, and Bax expressions, and promoted p38 and ERK-1/2 phosphorylation. 4. In conclusion, increased CaSR expression plays a vital role in apoptosis induced by I/R injury, in which its mechanism is related with calcium overload and the activation of the mitochondrial and mitogen-activated protein kinase apoptotic pathways. The regulation of CaSR activity might serve as a novel pharmacological target to prevent and treat liver disease.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it