Bibliographic record
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Louise Arbour, the former UN High Commissioner of Human Rights and a former Justice of the Supreme Court of Canada, has observed in commenting on the scope of constitutional rights in the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms (‘the Charter’) that ‘the potential to give economic, social and cultural rights the status of constitutional entitlement represents an immense opportunity to affirm our fundamental Canadian values, giving them the force of law’. Meeting this challenge is, however, at best a work in progress. The UN High Commissioner also notes that: ‘The first two decades of Charter litigation testify to a certain timidity – both on the part of litigants and the courts – to tackle head on the claims emerging from the right to be free from want’. As a result, the constitutional status of socio-economic rights in Canada remains, to a large extent, an open question – perhaps the most central unresolved issue in Canadian Charter jurisprudence. The Charter, marking its twenty-fifth anniversary in 2007, contains no explicit reference to any of the guarantees in the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (‘ICESCR’). The closest the Charter comes to recognising a socio-economic right is the section 23 right to publicly funded minority language education at the primary and secondary levels, ‘where numbers warrant’. The minority language education guarantee has been interpreted by the Supreme Court as a ‘novel form of legal right’ which ‘confers upon a group a right which places positive obligations on government to alter or develop major institutional structures.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.006 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.005 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.419 | 0.147 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".