Long‐term caloric restriction increases lipid peroxidation, but decreases protein oxidation, in the skeletal muscle of the Cu/Zn‐SOD mutant G93A mouse, an animal model of ALS
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We previously reported that long‐term caloric restriction (CR) improves motor performance but hastens clinical onset, disease progression and endpoint in the G93A mouse, an animal model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) ( Hamadeh et al, 2005 ). We hypothesized that CR would increase oxidative stress, basal levels of which are heightened in this animal model, partly due to a decrease or no change in most antioxidant enzyme activity. Starting at age 40 d, 27 separately‐caged G93A mice were randomly divided into two groups: ad libitum (AL, n = 14; 7 females) and CR (n = 13; 7 females), with a diet equal to 60% of AL. We measured markers of oxidative stress (malondialdehyde‐MDA and protein carbonyl‐PC) and catalase activity in the skeletal muscle of 99‐day‐old G93A mice. For the red gastrocnemius , MDA was higher in CR vs. AL mice (83%, P < 0.001), and in females vs. males (32%, P = 0.045). For the white gastrocnemius , CR increased MDA by 26% (P = 0.095), with no sex differences. CR decreased PC levels by 60% (P = 0.002) in the red, and 32% (P = 0.003) in the white, gastrocnemius . Catalase activity remained unchanged. We conclude that CR increases lipid peroxidation in the gastrocnemius , with females having higher values than males in the red muscle, of G93A mice. Unexpectedly, CR decreases protein oxidation in this model of ALS. (Supported by Hamilton Health Sciences Foundation and NSERC Canada)
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".