Interception effects on stable isotope driven streamwater transit time estimates
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Previous studies of streamwater transit time distributions (TTDs) used isotope tracer information from open precipitation (OP) as inputs to lumped watershed models that simulate the stream isotopic composition to estimate TTD. However, in forested catchments passage of rainfall through the canopy will alter the tracer signature of throughfall (TF) via interception. Here we test the effect of using TF instead of OP on TTD estimates. We sampled a 0.39 km2 catchment (Wüstebach, Germany) for a 19 month period using weekly precipitation and stream isotope data to evaluate changes in stream isotope simulation and TTDs. We found that TF had different effects on TTDs for δ18O and δ2H, with TF leading to up to 4 months shorter transit times. TTDs converged for both isotopes only when using TF. TF improved the stream isotope simulations. These results demonstrate the importance of canopy‐induced isotope tracer changes in estimating streamwater TTDs in forested catchments.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.008 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".