Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) is a multilateral agreement signed by the governments of the United States, Mexico, and Canada that eliminates or reduces tariffs on a variety of products and services and went into force on January 1, 1994. Although, as early as the 1980s, President Ronald Reagan called for the creation of a free trade zone extending across the Americas, it did not take shape until the early 1990s under the George H. W. Bush Administration. Mexican officials had opposed creating a free trade zone with the United States for years, but after a series of economic crises in the 1980s and the rise of a new cadre of neoliberal technocrats, the Salinas de Gortari Administration began the process of neutralizing opposition and building support for an agreement (Fairbrother 2007). Initially only the United States and Mexico were parties to the agreement, but Canada joined negotiations in January 1991. Unlike the European Union and the European community that preceded it, NAFTA is strictly a free trade agreement. It did not create a common currency or allow the free movement of people among the three countries.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.008 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.005 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.008 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.010 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.005 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.090 | 0.022 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".