Bibliographic record
Abstract
June 1981 is the official birth date of the AIDS epidemic. In a short article published in the Centers for Disease Control’s Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report ( MMWR ), American clinicians described a cluster of five cases of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, an infection of the lungs hitherto seen only in patients with severe impairment of their immune system. These five initial cases had been diagnosed in 1980–1 among gay men, all living in Los Angeles, who had been previously healthy and were not receiving drugs that suppressed the body’s immune response. At the time, the standard treatment for Pneumocystis pneumonia was an old drug called pentamidine, developed during WWII for the treatment of sleeping sickness, which happened to be highly active against Pneumocystis . Pentamidine was not commercially available and had to be distributed centrally from the CDC in Atlanta. An astute CDC technician found it strange to have received several requests for pentamidine within a short period of time from hospitals in California and, a bit later, from New York as well. This became the first step in the identification of the new syndrome by this federal agency.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.005 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.399 | 0.260 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".