Bibliographic record
Abstract
Objectives: The present chapter examined whether depressed mood and external control mediate or moderate the relationship between the number of social roles and alcohol use. Participants:The analysis was based on a national representative sample of 25-to 45-yearold male and female drinkers in Switzerland.Method: The influence of depressed mood and external control on the relationship between the number of social roles (parenthood, partnership, employment) and alcohol use was examined in linear structural equation models (mediation) and in multiple regressions (moderation) stratified by gender.All analyses were adjusted for age and education level.Results: Holding more roles was associated with lower alcohol use, lower external control and lower depressed mood.The study did not find evidence of depressed mood or external control mediating the social roles-alcohol relationship.A moderation effect was identified among women only, whereby a protective effect of having more roles could not be found among those who scored high on external control.In general, a stronger link was observed between roles and alcohol use, while depressed mood and external control acted independently on drinking.With the exception of women with high external control, the study found no link between a higher number of social roles and greater alcohol use. Conclusion:Results indicate that drinking behaviours are more strongly linked to external control and depressed mood than they are to the number of social roles.It is also demonstrated that in any effective alcohol prevention policy societal actions that enable individuals to combine more social roles play a central role.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.010 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".