Bibliographic record
Abstract
ABSTRACT Pneumonia is a common infection among patients both in the community and in the institutional setting and is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in Canada. In the hospital setting, pneumonia is commonly associated with mechanical ventilation. The impact is significant, with the combined indirect and direct costs of community-acquired pneumonia in the United States estimated at US$12.2 billion and the direct costs of nosocomial pneumonia at US$2.2 billion. Several risk factors, such as altered level of consciousness, immunosuppression, obstruction, and malnutrition, may impair normal pulmonary defences. This article provides an overview of the epidemiology, pathogenesis, risk factors, diagnosis, management, and prevention of community- and hospital-acquired pneumonia, as well as issues related to antimicrobial resistance. RESUME La pneumonie est une infection courante chez les patients autant dans la collectivite que dans les etablissements de sante et l’une des principales causes de morbidite et de mortalite au Canada. Dans les etablissements de sante, la pneumonie est souvent associee a l’utilisation de la ventilation artificielle. Les consequences sont considerables, comme en temoignent les couts globaux directs et indirects de la pneumonie extrahospitaliere qui s’elevent aux Etats-Unis a environ 12,2 milliards de dollars US et les couts directs de la pneumonie nosocomiale a 2,2 milliards de dollars US. Plusieurs facteurs de risque, comme une alteration de la conscience, l’immunosuppression, une obstruction ou la malnutrition peuvent entraver les defenses naturelles des poumons. Cet article presente un apercu de l’epidemiologie, de la pathogenese, des facteurs de risque, du diagnostic, du traitement et de la prevention de la pneumonie extra-hospitaliere et nosocomiale, de meme que des problemes lies a la resistance aux antimicrobiens.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.012 | 0.008 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.005 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".