The phylogeography, post-glacial expansion and systematics of the purple finch (Carpodacus purpureus)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Using a combination of mitochondrial and z-linked sequence data, microsatellites and spatio-geographical modelling, I examine the historical and contemporary factors influencing the genetic structure of the purple finch (Carpodacus purpureus). The last glacial maximum likely forced the purple finch into multiple refugia: on the Pacific Coast, in south-western United States, and off the Atlantic shelf. The two subspecies remain distinct lineages, with little evidence of gene flow between C. p. purpureus and C. p. californicus. The contact zone between subspecies appears in south-western British Columbia. As C. p. purpureus expanded from their refugia following a stepping-stone model, eastern and western populations came into secondary contact, resulting in extensive admixture. Contemporary levels of gene flow between populations are low with at least five genetic clusters, likely due to high site fidelity and morphological variation upon which mate selection occurs. Physical barriers do not appear to affect dispersal of the purple finch.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".