Vitamin K Status Associated with MRI Measures of Memory‐Related Brain Activity : A Pilot Study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Discovered for its role in blood coagulation, vitamin K (VK) is emerging as an important nutrient for brain function and cognition. In brain, VK participates in sphingolipid metabolism and activates proteins with cell sigaling actions (Gas6 and protein S) and involved in vascular function (proteins C and S). Recent reports also point to beneficial effects of VK in cognition, notably during aging. To extend our understanding of the action of VK in brain, we investigated, using functional magnetic resonance imaging, the relationship between VK status and brain activity in healthy older adults. Brain activity was investigated in nine healthy older adults using an episodic memory paradigm that involves memorizing pairs of semantically unrelated concrete words (encoding) and indicating in a following block (retrieval) whether words had been presented during encoding (item memory) and whether they were presented as a pair (associative memory).VK status was based on fasting phylloquione concentration (by HPLC). Mean VK concentration for the group was 1.22 nmol/L [range 0.49 ‐ 2.22 nmolL], values in line with previous studies. Brain activity during the encoding phase was not associated with VK status. However, negative correlations (p<0.005) were observed between VK status and brain activity during both item (parietal lobe) and associative (frontal and temporal lobes) retrieval, suggesting that subjects with lower VK status had to recruit more brain tissue to accomplish the memory task. This study confirms the role of VK status in cognition, notably in episodic memory. Financial suport for this study was from CRIUGM.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.005 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".