Bibliographic record
Abstract
The S & P 500 is a value -weighted index.The stocks included in the S & P 500 are those of large publicly held companies that trade on either of the two largest American stock market companies; the NYSE Euronext and the NASDAQ OMX.The index does include a handful of non -U.S. companies (six as of July 1, 2009).This group includes both former U.S. companies that have reincorporated outside the United States and fi rms that have never been incorporated in the United States.The components of the S & P 500 are selected by committee.Russell 1000: A market capitalization -weighted benchmark index made up of the 1,000 highest -ranking U.S. stocks in the Russell 3000.Russell 2000: The Russell 2000 Index is a small -cap stock market index of the bottom 2,000 stocks in the Russell 3000 Index.MSCI EAFE: The MSCI EAFE Index (Europe, Australasia, Far East) is a free fl oatadjusted market capitalization index designed to measure the equity market performance of developed markets, excluding the United States and Canada.As of June 2007, the MSCI EAFE Index consisted of the following 21 developed market country indices:
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.014 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.009 | 0.011 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.268 | 0.170 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".