A numerical study of the effects of migrating tides on thermosphere midnight density maximum
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract In this study, we employed the National Center for Atmospheric Research Thermosphere Ionosphere Electrodynamics General Circulation Model (TIEGCM) and the extended Canadian Middle Atmosphere Model (eCMAM) to investigate the role of the migrating terdiurnal tide on the formation and variation of the thermosphere midnight temperature maximum (MTM) and midnight mass density maximum (MDM). The migrating terdiurnal tide from the eCMAM was applied at the TIEGCM's lower boundary, along with the migrating diurnal and semidiurnal tides from the Global‐Scale Wave Model. Several numerical experiments with different combinations of tidal forcing at the TIEGCM's lower boundary were carried out to determine the contribution of each tide to MTM/MDM. We found that the interplay between diurnal, semidiurnal, and terdiurnal tides determines the formation of MTM/MDM and their structure in the upper thermosphere. The decrease of thermospheric mass density after MDM reaches its maximum at ~02:00 local time is mainly controlled by the terdiurnal tide. Furthermore, we examined the generation mechanisms of the migrating terdiurnal tide in the upper thermosphere and found that they come from three sources: upward propagation from the lower thermosphere, in situ generation via nonlinear interaction, and thermal excitation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".