Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This chapter deals with light propagation in optical fibers. Multi-mode fibers (MMFs) and single-mode fibers (SMFs) are discussed using a ray-optics description. A rigorous solution of the wave equation is then derived, followed by a presentation of a wave-optics description of te single-mode and multi-mode fibers. Next, the chapter discusses pulse propagation in SMFs, and then makes a comparison between SMFs and MMFs. Finally, the chapter focuses on the design of SMFs. Using a step-index optical fiber, it is not possible to optimize all the parameters that are important for the design of a SMF. Therefore, the refractive index profile is chosen so that the design parameters are optimum for a specific application. For long-haul and/or high-bit-rate optical communication systems, the pulse broadening due to intramodal dispersion leads to intersymbol interference, which degrades transmission performance. The pulse broadening can be compensated using a dispersion-compensating fiber (DCF).
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.019 | 0.004 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it