Search for Cosmic-Ray Antideuteron with the BESS Spec- trometer
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Cosmic-ray antideuterons ( ¯ D’s), which have never been detected, are considered to be a unique probe to investigate novel “primary” origins of cosmic-ray antiparticles, especially in a low energy region below 1 GeV/nucleon. We performed a search for low-energy ¯ D with the BESS superconducting spectrometer. No candidate was found in the data obtained from four balloon flights at Lynn Lake, Canada during 1997 to 2000. We obtained, for the first time, at the 95% confidence level an upper limit of 1.9 × 10 �4 (m 2 s sr GeV/n) �1 for the differential flux of the cosmic ray ¯ D in the energy region between 0.17 and 1.15 GeV/n.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".