Duration of untreated psychosis: impact on 2‐year outcome
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Evidence demonstrating the predictive value of a long duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) remains equivocal. We assessed the impact of DUP on outcome over a 2‐year period in 203 first episode patients in an early psychosis programme. Symptoms (PANSS) were assessed every 3 months and functional outcome (QOL), neurocognitive functioning and relapse rates were assessed annually. Median DUP was 26 weeks, mean DUP was 80 weeks, mean log10 DUP was 23 weeks. Long DUP was significantly associated with positive symptoms (P < 0.001), and quality of life (P < 0.01) in the first year. Since there are no strong a priori grounds for a ‘cutoff’ level for long DUP, we compared those who were in remission (i.e. no positive symptom score greater than 3 on the PANSS) with those who had failed to achieve remission by 6 months. Results were that those who had failed to achieve remission of positive symptoms after 6 months of a comprehensive treatment approach had a significantly longer DUP (P < 0.001). Thus, in this sample of first episode subjects receiving optimal treatment DUP was associated with a poorer recovery.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.008 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".