The comparison of the lumbopelvic stabilizer muscle endurance in female athletes with and without patellofemoral pain syndrome
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Introduction: Decreased hip muscles strength has been implicated to lower-extremity malalignment and patellofemoral pain. Proximal muscle groups including the lumbopelvic stabilizer muscles are responsible for postural control and body stability. Strengthening in these keys muscles have not been investigated in previous studies. The purpose of this study was to compare the lumbopelvic stabilizer muscles endurance in female athletes with and without patellofemoral pain syndrome. Materials and Methods: Thirty female athletes diagnosed with patellofemoral pain syndrome (mean ± SD age; 21.60 ± 2.75 year, mean ± SD weight; 60.70 ± 8.70 kg, mean ± SD height; 165 ± 0.073 cm) and thirty asymptomatic females athletes (mean ± SD age; 20.77 ± 2.63 year, mean ± SD weight; 60.53 ± 6.66 kg, mean ± SD height; 164 ± 0.063 cm) with history of 3 years participating in volleyball, basketball or handball training were recruited in this study. The protocol established by McGill was used to determine the muscle endurance of the lumbopelvic stabilizer muscles. The protocol consists of four tests that measure all aspects of the torso via isometric muscle endurance: trunk flexor test, trunk extensor test (Biering Sorensen test), left and right lateral musculature tests (Side bridge test). Data were analyzed using the independent samples t-test in SPSS software. The significance level set at P < 0.05. Results: The results showed a statistically significant difference between two groups for lumbopelvic stabilizer muscles endurance (P = 0.001). The greatest differences were found in anterior part of the lumbopelvic muscle endurance (abdominal muscles). The results indicated that young women with patellofemoral pain are less likely to demonstrate endurance in lumbopelvic stabilizer muscles than age-matched control group women who are not symptomatic. Conclusion: The lumbopelvic stabilizer muscles endurance training would be proposed for prevention and treatment of patellofemoral pain. Keywords: Patellofemoral pain syndrome, Female athletes, Lumbopelvic stability, Endurance muscles
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".