A digitally tuned 1.1 GHz subharmonic injection-locked VCO in 0.18μm CMOS
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this paper, a second-order digitally controlled oscillator, based on subharmonic injection locking, is presented. The prototype design is implemented in a 0.18 /spl mu/m standard CMOS process. The implemented injection-locked oscillator, with a resonant frequency of 1.1 GHz, provides a low phase noise of -99.7 dBc/Hz at a 50 KHz offset. The oscillator is injection-locked with the eleventh harmonic of a low frequency 100 MHz PLL. Using switched-capacitor banks, the oscillator can be digitally tuned to within 300 KHz of the injection locking frequency which allows it to be locked with an input signal as low as - 53 dBm. The oscillator has an overall tuning range of 20% and together with an input amplifier consumes only 688 /spl mu/W when powered by a single 1.6V supply voltage.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it