Deglacial to postglacial palaeoenvironments of the<scp>C</scp>eltic<scp>S</scp>ea: lacustrine conditions versus a continuous marine sequence
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Recent work on the last glaciation of theBritishIsles has led to an improved understanding of the nature and timing of the retreat of theBritish−IrishIce Sheet (BIIS) from its southern maximum (Isles ofScilly), northwards into theCeltic andIrish seas. However, the nature of the deglacial environments across theCelticSea shelf, the extent of subaerial exposure and the existence (or otherwise) of a contiguous terrestrial linkage betweenBritain andIreland following ice retreat remains ambiguous. Multiproxy research, based on analysis of 12BGSvibrocores from theCelticDeepBasin (CDB), seeks to address these issues.CDBcores exhibit a shell‐rich upward fining sequence ofHolocene marine sand above an erosional contact cut in laminated muds with infrequent lonestones. Molluscs,in situForaminifera and marine diatoms are absent from the basal muds, but rare damaged freshwater diatoms and foraminiferal linings occur. Dinoflagellate cysts and other non‐pollen palynomorphs evidence diverse, environmentally incompatible floras with temperate, boreal andArctic glaciomarine taxa co‐occurring. Such multiproxy records can be interpreted as representing a retreating ice margin, with reworking of marine sediments into a lacustrine basin. Equally, the same record may be interpreted as recording similar conditions within a semi‐enclosed marine embayment dominated by meltwater export and deposition of reworked microfossils. As assemblages from these cores contrast markedly with proven glaciomarine sequences from outside theCDB, a glaciolacustrine interpretation is favoured for the laminated sequence, truncated by aLateWeichselian transgressive sequence fining upwards into fully marine conditions. Reworked rare intertidal molluscs from immediately above the regional unconformity provide a minimum datec. 13.9 cal. kaBPfor commencement of widespread marine erosion. Although suggestive of glaciolacustrine conditions, the exact nature and timing of laminated sediment deposition within theCDB, and the implications this has on (pen)insularity ofIreland following deglaciation, remain elusive.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".