O2 Structure Li[sub 2/3][Ni[sub 1/3]Mn[sub 2/3]]O[sub 2]: A New Layered Cathode Material for Rechargeable Lithium Batteries III. Ion Exchange
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The ion exchange of Li for Na in P2‐structure Na 2 / 3 [ Ni 1 / 3 Mn 2 / 3 ] O 2 to make T2‐structure Li 2 / 3 [ Ni 1 / 3 Mn 2 / 3 ] O 2 is studied. Electron micrographs show that the hexagonal plate‐like crystal habit is preserved during ion exchange. Ion exchange is successful and equivalent using both molten salts and concentrated Li + ‐ containing aqueous solutions. By controlling the Li:Na ratio in the ion exchange, it is possible to prepare an intermediate phase of approximate composition Li 1 / 3 Na 1 / 3 [ Ni 1 / 3 Mn 2 / 3 ] O 2 , where filled alkali layers of Li and Na alternate, thus doubling the c axis of the material. A summary of ion‐exchange reactions of Li for Na in other layered Na‐bronzes, such as P 3 ‐ Na 2 / 3 [ Ni 1 / 3 Mn 2 / 3 ] O 2 , O 3 ‐ Na [ Ni 1 / 2 Mn 1 / 2 ] O 2 , P 2 ‐ Na 2 / 3 [ Co x Mn 1 − x ] O 2 , P 3 ‐ Na , 2 / 3 [ Co x Mn 1 − x ] O 2 , P 2 ‐ Na 2 / 3 CoO 2 , P 2 ‐ Na 2 / 3 [ Fe 1 / 3 Mn 2 / 3 ] O 2 , P 2 ‐ Na 2 / 3 [ Fe 2 / 3 Mn 1 / 3 ] O 2 , P 2 ‐ Na 2 / 3 [ Mg 1 / 3 Mn 2 / 3 ] O 2 , P 2 ‐ Na 2 / 3 [ Ni 1 / 3 Mn 2 / 3 ] O 2 , and O 3 ‐ NaMnO 2 , is given. © 2000 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".