Environmental Changes at Port au Choix as Reconstructed from Fossil Midges
Bibliographic record
Abstract
THE NORTHWESTERN COAST of the island of Newfoundland offers many potentially rich and exciting sites for palaeoenvironmental exploration. Intensive archaeological research at Port au Choix has led to the discovery of numerous, well-preserved prehistoric sites identified as Maritime Archaic Indian (MAI; Tuck 1976), Dorset and Groswater Palaeoeskimo (Harp 1964; Renouf 1994), and Recent Indian (Teal 2001). Archeological evidence can thus be compared to other palaeoenvironmental records to determine whether correlations exist. Most terrestrial palaeoclimate reconstructions for Newfoundland have been inferred from palaeobotanical evidence (Macpherson 1982, 1995a, 1996; Anderson and Macpherson 1994). More recently, however, aquatic midges (especially the Chironomidae, or non-biting midges) have emerged as a promising new tool for palaeoclimate reconstructions (Battarbee 2000). This paper presents the first midge-based climate reconstruction for Newfoundland. Reconstructed summer lake water temperatures at Bass Pond are correlated to the initial settlement and subsequent migration and extinction of past cultures in the Port au Choix region. Furthermore, although midges are recognized as useful palaeosalinity indicators, they have seldom been used as sea-level indicators (Walker 2001). We use a midge palaeosalinity inference model to demonstrate that midge records may yield important data relevant to coastal emergence and submergence patterns.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".