Carboxyl‐Terminal Truncations of Human Anion Exchanger Impair its Trafficking to the Plasma Membrane
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The human anion exchanger AE1 (Band 3) is an abundant glycoprotein localized in plasma membrane of red cells and is responsible for the electro-neutral exchange of chloride for bicarbonate. In order to determine the role of the carboxyl-terminal tail of AE1 in its expression, function and trafficking to the plasma membrane, we generated a series of five constructs encoding truncation mutants missing the last 5 (Delta5), 11 (Delta11), 15 (Delta15), 20 (Delta20) or 35 (Delta35) amino-acids. In transiently transfected HEK 293 cells, immunoblotting of whole cell extracts showed that all the proteins were expressed at the same level as full-length AE1, except Delta20 and particularly Delta35, which showed a reduced expression. Furthermore, the last 15 amino-acids were not required for AE1 folding in the membrane, since Delta5, Delta11 and Delta15 were able to bind to an inhibitor affinity matrix, while Delta20 and Delta35 exhibited poor binding. Immunofluorescence and deglycosylation results showed that Delta15 and Delta11 were retained intracellularly, whereas a lower amount of Delta5 compared with WT trafficked to the plasma membrane. These results indicate that an intact C-terminal tail of human AE1 is important for efficient AE1 trafficking to the plasma membrane.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".