Voices we never hear: the unsettling histories of postwar 'ten pound Poms' who returned to Britain
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Return migrants - invisible twice over In 1962 Mary Holmes emigrated from Newport to Australia with her farmer husband and five children. The Holmes were among more than a million Britons who took an assisted passage to Australia in the quarter century after the Second World War. Under this migration scheme, British adults paid only ten pounds to travel to the other side of the world while their children went free. In Australia these immigrants became known as the 'ten pound Poms'. In 1963, and five years before the Holmes family eventually returned to Wales, Mary Holmes wrote a poem, 'The Migrant's Dilemma'.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.011 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.031 | 0.027 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.011 | 0.007 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.011 |
| Research integrity | 0.005 | 0.010 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".