Bibliographic record
Abstract
(ProQuest: ... denotes non-USASCII text omitted.)INTRODUCTIONHISTORY OF FEDEXFedEx, one of the world's leading delivery service companies, was founded in Little Rock, Arkansas in 1971 by Frederick W. Smith. In 1965, while Smith was an undergraduate student at Yale University, he wrote an economic term paper about the possibilities of an overnight delivery service in a computer age. He argued that an express delivery service would be necessary to accommodate time-sensitive deliveries such as medicines, electronic, and computer parts in the near future. In August of 1971, Smith purchased Arkansas Aviation Sales in Little Rock that focused on selling and trading both new and used airplanes. While running his own company, Smith recognized difficulties in delivering packages on time and it led him to think about how to solve the existing inefficient delivery system. He founded Federal Express with 14 small planes and offered services to 25 U.S. cities. In 1973, Federal Express moved its headquarters to Memphis, Tennessee. Memphis was selected as its headquarters due to its central geographical location to major other cities. In addition, the mild weather of Memphis prevents Federal Express from delaying its delivery service due to unexpected weather conditions.The Airline Deregulation Act in 1977 removed restrictions on routes used by cargo aircraft and permitted the cargo companies to add Boeing 727s and large airplanes. This allowed Federal Express to expand its service coverage and to operate its services with larger aircrafts. Federal Express adopted centralized computer systems to track packages, vehicles, and airplanes. Federal Express expanded its delivery services to 90 U.S. cities by 1980, and began its service in Canada by 1981.Federal Express pursued a series of acquisitions for its growth. In 1984, Federal Express acquired the package courier Gelco Express. It also acquired Tiger International Inc. that operated an air cargo delivery service known as the Flying Tigers. Flying Tigers held runway rights in major metropolitan airports across 21 countries in Asia, Europe, and South America. This acquisition allowed Federal Express to increase its market share in international airfreight delivery services. Federal Express expanded its service to Europe by founding its European headquarter, in Brussels, Belgium in 1985. Federal Express held 43 percent of the global express delivery market, compared to the 26 percent market share of UPS in the early 1990s.In 1994, Federal Express changed its name to FedEx. In 1995, to compete with the sameday delivery and early morning delivery services offered by UPS, FedEx began offering similar services for both packages and letters. In 1997, FedEx opened its domestic hub at Fort Worth Airport, Texas. It opened the European hub at Charles de Gaulle International Airport in France in 1999.In 2001, FedEx Express signed a 7-year contract with United States Postal Service (USPS) to transport its express mail and priority Mail. This contract allowed FedEx to place drop boxes at every USPS post office for its express delivery services, and has been recently extended until September 2013. In 2004, FedEx Corporation acquired Kinko's Inc. and Parcel Direct. These acquisitions provided customers with a proven, cost-effective solution for low-weight, less timesensitive residential shipments. Each firm was later renamed as FedEx Kinko's and FedEx SmartPost.FedEx nowadays consists of four major units; FedEx Express, FedEx Ground, FedEx Freight and FedEx Services. FedEx Express offers fast delivery services, mainly by air, with over three million shipments in each business day. FedEx Ground provides small package deliveries by trucks mainly within U.S and Canada. FedEx Freight, less-than-truckload service, provides delivery of small packages via air or train. FedEx Services provides business services, administrative and technical support, and billing services. …
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".