A remotely-piloted acoustic array for studying sperm whale vocal behaviour
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The vocal behavior of sperm whales was investigated using a remotely-piloted acoustic array. Acoustic array consisting of remotely-piloted vessels (RPVs) and hydrophones was deployed from a stationary 12-m sailboat and positioned as to form a favorable array geometry around a group of sperm whales. Two metal pipes were suspended from a wood plank with a distance of 1.5 m between them and hung over the sides of dinghy. The dinghy was rowed through the array and a hammer was used to strike the pipes to generate impulsive sound sources of different frequencies. Using time-of-arrival-differences (TOADs) between hydrophones, the position of GPS receivers, and the speed of sound in water, the location of a detected sound was calculated. It was observed that the hydrophone of RPV offered accurate estimate of the sound source's location. Result shows that the acoustic array offer an accuracy of 0.5 m within the array for differentiating the coda vocalizations exchanged between sperm whales.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".