Fetal bovine serum influences the effect of a ligand on the activity of the SV23 splice variant of human constitutive androstane receptor (1148.1)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The naturally occurring SV23 splice variant of human constitutive androstane receptor (hCAR‐SV23) is activated by di‐(2‐ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP), which is detected as a contaminant in fetal bovine serum (FBS). We determined the effect of charcoal‐stripped, dextran‐treated FBS (CS‐FBS), dialyzed FBS, and regular FBS on hCAR‐SV23 activity in a cell‐based reporter gene assay. In transfected HepG2 cells cultured in Minimum Essential Medium (MEM) supplemented with 10% FBS, basal hCAR‐SV23 activity varied with the type of FBS (regular > dialyzed > CS). DEHP increased hCAR‐SV23 activity when 10% CS‐FBS, but not regular or dialyzed FBS, was used to supplement MEM. With increasing concentrations (1‐10%) of regular or CS‐FBS, hCAR‐SV23 basal activity increased, whereas the DEHP‐mediated hCAR‐SV23 activity remained constant (regular FBS) or slightly increased (CS‐FBS). Subsequent experiments identified the following optimal conditions to conduct the hCAR‐SV23 activity assay: 1% CS‐FBS in Minimum Essential Medium‐Reduced Serum (MEM‐RS) for plating of cells and for the first 24 h after plating; and then in serum‐free MEM‐RS. Under these conditions, artemisinin, artemether, and arteether increased hCAR‐SV23 activity. In contrast, they decreased it in cells cultured in MEM supplemented with 10% regular FBS. In conclusion, the type and concentration of FBS influence the effect of a ligand on hCAR‐SV23 activity. Grant Funding Source : Canadian Institutes of Health Research and Michael Smith Fdn. for Health Res.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".