A 4-Bit 5GS/s Flash A/D Converter in 0.18μm CMOS
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A 4-bit 5 GS/s flash analog-to-digital converter (ADC) is designed and simulated in a 0.18 /spl mu/m CMOS technology. Low-swing operation both in the analog and the digital circuitry results in high-speed low power operation. The ADC dissipates 70 mW power from a 1.8 V supply while operating at 5 GHz. Offset averaging is used to minimize the effect of comparator offsets. Simulation results show that offset voltages with 67 mV standard deviation (i.e., 1 LSB) can be tolerated. Static INL and DNL errors are 0.34 LSB and 0.24 LSB respectively, and the ENOB is 3.65 bits. The simulation results of this non-time-interleaved flash ADC demonstrates a significant improvement in terms of power and area compared to those of previously reported ADCs.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".