Ca<sup>2+</sup> sensitivity of the maxi chloride channel in interstitial cells of Cajal
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) associated with the myenteric plexus of the small intestine express maxi chloride channels. Our aim was to investigate whether or not these channels would be activated by increases in intracellular Ca(2+) , as that would strengthen evidence for their potential role in ICC pacemaking. A further aim was to examine whether inwardly and outwardly rectifying maxi chloride currents signify different channels. METHODS: We used Fluo-4 AM Ca(2+) imaging and patch clamp electrophysiology (cell-attached and inside-out) on isolated ICC in short term culture. KEY RESULTS: Increasing intracellular Ca(2+) by three functionally distinct mechanisms (blocking sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) refilling, creating membrane Ca(2+) pores and a solution designed to block plasmalemmal Ca(2+) extrusion) was followed by inwardly rectifying maxi chloride channel activation assessed in the cell-attached configuration. Furthermore, in the inside-out configuration, increased outwardly rectifying maxi-chloride channel activity followed an increase in Ca(2+) to 2 mmol L(-1) at the cytoplasmic face of the channel. CONCLUSIONS & INFERENCES: Increase in intracellular Ca(2+) will activate the maxi chloride channels. Maxi chloride currents are inwardly rectifying in the cell-attached patch clamp configuration under physiological conditions and are outwardly rectifying in the inside-out configuration. The same channel is responsible for both currents. Ca(2+) does not appear to regulate the rectification.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".