Understanding morphology: a comparative study on the lower jaw in two teleost species
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Zebrafish are currently used as a model organism for studying disorders affecting bone development and regeneration, yet we do not understand many aspects of teleost skeletal biology. This study focuses on the changes in shape of Meckel’s cartilage and its subsequent ossification in two teleosts with different feeding strategies and jaw morphologies; zebrafish (Cypriniformes) which lack mandibular teeth and the sighted Mexican tetra (Characiformes), which has oral teeth. We find that some aspects of jaw development, such as the retraction of Meckel’s cartilage are delayed in the tetra despite its larger embryonic and adult size, while other aspects, such as the differentiation of mature chondrocytes is accelerated. The mode of retraction of Meckel’s cartilage also appears to be different in tetra compared to in zebrafish. Understanding the cellular and developmental mechanisms underlying jaw shape in species with different feeding strategies is important to our understanding of vertebrate morphology in general, and could provides novel insights into teleost skeletal biology.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".